c. Local Government Units

Supervisory Power of National Government over LGU

National government agencies exercise only supervisory powers over LGUs. The power of review is part of supervision; if there is no enabling law, no such power of review will be granted to national government agencies.

President’s Power over LGUs

The President has only the power of supervision over LGUs. He cannot interfere with the local governments as long as they act within the scope of their authority.

The President exercises direct supervision over provinces, highly urbanized cities and independent component cities. He exercises indirect supervision over component cities and municipalities through the provinces. He also exercises indirect supervision over barangays through the city or municipality concerned.

Autonomous Regions - created by an organic act and through voting in plebiscite. The Constitution provides for autonomous regions in Muslim Mindanao and the Cordilleras; only the Bangsamoro Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao has been established (1987 Constitution, Art. X, Secs. 15–18; Republic Act No. 11054). The President has general supervision over autonomous regions.