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i. Water Resources

Mangrove Swamps

These are mud flats, alternately washed and exposed by the tide, in which grows various kindred plants which will not live except when watered by the sea, extending their roots deep into the mud and casting their seeds, which also germinate there. These constitute the mangrove flats of the tropics, which exist naturally, but which are also, to some extent, cultivated by man for the sake of the combustible wood of the mangrove and like trees as well as for the useful nipa palm propagated thereon. (Director of Forestry v. Villareal, G.R. No, 32266 L- 32266, 27 Feb. 1989)

Watershed

It is a land area drained by a stream or fixed body of water and its tributaries having a common outlet for surface runoff. (Sec. 3(m), P.D. No. 705)

Authorities

Director of Forestry v. Villareal, G.R. No. L-32266, 27 February 1989
P.D. No. 705, Sec. 3