D. Judicial Review of Administrative Action

Ripe for Adjudication

A constitutional question is ripe for adjudication when a concrete governmental action, or a sufficiently imminent threatened action, presents an actual controversy involving an existing or credible threatened injury; a merely hypothetical future act is insufficient. An actual controversy involving adverse legal claims is necessary, but a challenged law need not exist in every case. (Santiago Jr. v. Bautista, GR No. 25024, March 30, 1970)

For a case to be considered ripe for adjudication, it is a prerequisite that:

• there be a concrete governmental action or sufficiently imminent threatened action, rather than a merely hypothetical future act, and
• the petitioner must allege the existence of an immediate or threatened injury to himself as a result of the challenged action. (PHILCONSA v. Philippine Government, G.R. No. 218406, Nov. 29, 2016)